Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Examination, 04-BS-16 Discrete Mathematics, December 2014. Closed book; approved calculator and one double-sided aid sheet permitted. The exam instructs "answer any 10 of 12 questions, best 10 marks taken"; every question is answered below as a complete study resource.
Reference texts: Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, 7th ed. (Pearson) — used throughout for logic, set theory, induction, combinatorics, probability, functions, recurrence relations, graph theory, and asymptotic (Big-O) notation.
