Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Exams — May 2013 — 04-BS-5 Advanced Mathematics. Three-hour, closed-book exam (one double-sided 8.5"×11" aid sheet permitted; approved Casio/Sharp calculator allowed). Format: seven questions of equal value (20 marks each); any five constitute a complete paper and only the first five appearing in the answer book are marked. All seven are solved below for completeness.
Reference texts: Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics (10th ed., Wiley) — power-series solutions of ODEs (Ch. 5), Fourier series and the Fourier transform (Ch. 11), least-squares curve fitting, Lagrange interpolation, Romberg integration and root-finding (Ch. 19); Strang, Introduction to Linear Algebra (6th ed., Wellesley-Cambridge) — the Cayley–Hamilton theorem and matrix inversion.