Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format. National Examinations — May 2016, 98-Civ-A2 Elementary Structural Design. Three-hour closed-book examination (handbooks and textbooks permitted). Seven questions in three parts: Part A (A1–A3, structural steel to CSA S16), Part B (B1–B3, reinforced concrete to CSA A23.3), Part C (C1, timber to CSA O86). A candidate answers two from Part A, two from Part B and the one question in Part C — five solutions in total, all of equal value. All seven are solved here, because the set is a study resource rather than an examination script. Page 1 states that all loads shown are unfactored, so the load factors are applied within each solution.
Reference texts.
Check — assumptions common to the whole paper. (i) Every load drawn in Figures A1, A2, A3, B3 and quoted in C1 is a specified (unfactored) load; unless a question names the load type, the point loads are treated as live (factor 1.5) and concrete/steel self-weight as dead (factor 1.25), per NBCC Table 4.1.3.2 case 2. (ii) Steel is CSA G40.21 350W, so Fy = 350 MPa, E = 200 000 MPa. (iii) Question B3 states f'c = 35 MPa and fy = 400 MPa; because B1 and B2 quote no material strengths, the same pair is adopted for them and the assumption is stated in each solution. (iv) Section properties are recomputed from the nominal plate dimensions of each rolled shape rather than read off a table, so every number below is reproducible; they agree with the CISC Handbook to better than 1 %.
