Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format. National Examinations, December 2014 — 98-Civ-B2 Advanced Structural Design, 3 hours, closed book (handbooks and textbooks permitted). Seven design questions of equal value; any five constitute a complete paper.
Reference texts. CSA S16:19 Design of Steel Structures (Clause 13 members, Clause 14 plate girders, Clause 17 composite, Clause 21 plastic design); CISC Handbook of Steel Construction; CSA A23.3:19 Design of Concrete Structures (Clause 10 flexure and columns, Clause 11 shear, Clause 18 prestressed concrete); National Building Code of Canada 2020 for load combinations; Hibbeler, Structural Analysis, for the frame and continuous-beam analysis.
Design data printed on page 1. Concrete $f_c' = 30\ \text{MPa}$; structural steel $F_y = 350\ \text{MPa}$; reinforcing steel $f_y = 400\ \text{MPa}$. Prestressed concrete: $f_{ci}' = 35\ \text{MPa}$ at transfer, $f_c' = 50\ \text{MPa}$, modular ratio $n = 6$, $f_{ult} = 1750\ \text{MPa}$, $f_y = 1450\ \text{MPa}$, $f_{initial} = 1200\ \text{MPa}$, losses $= 240\ \text{MPa}$. Design in SI. All loads shown are unfactored.
Check — load factors. Page 1 states only that the loads shown are unfactored; it gives no dead/live split. Throughout this paper the figure loads are treated as a single variable action and factored by 1.5, while self weight introduced by the solver (the reinforced-concrete frame, the prestressed girder, the bridge deck) is factored by 1.25, per NBCC 2020 Case 2. Mechanisms, section classifications and interaction ratios are unaffected by this choice — only the magnitudes are. Serviceability checks (the no-tension prestress design of Q2 and the soil bearing of Q5) use unfactored loads, as they must.
