Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format. National Exams, December 2014 — 98-Civ-B4 Engineering Hydrology. Three hours; closed book with one candidate-prepared double-sided 8½″ × 11″ aid sheet; Casio or Sharp approved calculator. Seven problems are printed, each worth 20 marks; any five constitute a complete paper and only the first five answers in the work book are marked, for a maximum of 100 marks. All seven problems are solved below, because the full set is the more useful study resource.
Reference texts. V. T. Chow, D. R. Maidment and L. W. Mays, Applied Hydrology (hydrologic cycle, unit hydrographs, routing, frequency analysis, infiltration); L. W. Mays, Water Resources Engineering, 3rd ed. (design application, rainfall–runoff, reservoir operation); W. Viessman and G. L. Lewis, Introduction to Hydrology, 5th ed. (measurement, areal precipitation, energy budget); V. T. Chow, Open-Channel Hydraulics (1959) (flood-wave propagation and gradually varied unsteady flow); C. W. Fetter, Applied Hydrogeology, 4th ed. (Darcy’s law, hydraulic conductivity, recharge). Canadian practice references: Environment and Climate Change Canada / Water Survey of Canada HYDAT archive and the ECCC Engineering Climate Datasets (IDF curves and the IDF_CC climate-adjustment tool); the ISO 1100 / WMO Manual on Stream Gauging series as adopted by the Water Survey of Canada; the Canadian Dam Association Dam Safety Guidelines (inflow design flood and dam-break consequence classification); and the Transportation Association of Canada Guide to Bridge Hydraulics, 2nd ed.
