Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Exams — December 2016 — 04-Geol-A2, Hydrogeology. Three-hour, open-book exam; any non-communicating calculator permitted. FIVE questions constitute a complete paper, each of equal value; most questions require an essay-format answer with work shown. Unless otherwise specified, water density = 1000 kg/m³, water viscosity = 0.001 kg/(m·s), and g = 9.81 m/s² — all five are solved below for completeness.
Reference texts: Freeze & Cherry, Groundwater (Prentice-Hall, 1979) — Darcy's law, storage/specific yield, flow nets, layered vertical flow, and the Theis/Hantush-Jacob well-hydraulics chapters used throughout this paper.