Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Exams — May 2013 — 04-Geol-A7 Applied Geophysics. Three-hour, open-book exam; any non-communicating calculator permitted. Part I (Questions 1–4) is compulsory; Part II states "answer any THREE of Questions 5–8," but all eight questions, and every lettered/numbered sub-part, are solved below. Two figures (the gravity profile of Q7 and the seismic time-distance graph of Q8) are read from the printed exam page; the reading tolerance is given in a check callout beside each.
Reference texts: Telford, Geldart & Sheriff, Applied Geophysics (2nd ed.) — the primary reference for every method in this paper (seismic refraction/reflection, gravity, magnetics, electrical/resistivity, EM, radiometrics); Kearey, Brooks & Hill, An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration (3rd ed.) — method-selection and field-procedure context; Blakely, Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications — the horizontal-cylinder gravity formula and magnetic-anomaly shape analysis used in Q6–Q7.