Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Exams — May 2018 — 04-Geol-A7 Applied Geophysics. Three-hour, closed-book exam; approved Casio or Sharp calculator permitted. The paper offers a choice of six of the following ten questions, each worth 16.66% of the total mark, and every question requires an essay-format answer — this is a genuinely all-essay sitting with no numeric data, formula sheet, or figure supplied in the source. All ten questions are answered below so the set stands as a complete study resource for choose-N-of-M exams.
Reference texts: Telford, Geldart & Sheriff, Applied Geophysics (2nd ed.) — the primary reference for every method touched in this paper (magnetics, seismic reflection, radiometrics, downhole resistivity, EM/IP, filtering, well logging, forward/inverse modelling); Kearey, Brooks & Hill, An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration (3rd ed.) — survey planning, array geometry, data display; Blakely, Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications — potential-field filtering and forward/inverse modelling (Q7, Q10); Selley & Sonnenberg, Elements of Petroleum Geology — well-logging tool context (Q8).