Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format: National Exams, May 2014 — 3 hours, closed book (any non-communicating calculator permitted). SEVEN questions constitute a complete paper: Part A answer all of #1–#5, Part B answer one of #6/#7, Part C answer one of #8/#9. Marks are shown in brackets. All nine questions (including both alternatives in Parts B and C) are solved below for completeness.
Reference texts: Wolf, Dewitt & Wilkinson, Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS (4th ed., McGraw-Hill, 2014); Mikhail, Bethel & McGlone, Introduction to Modern Photogrammetry (Wiley, 2001); Kraus, Photogrammetry: Geometry from Images and Laser Scans (2nd ed., de Gruyter, 2007); Ghilani & Wolf, Elementary Surveying (15th ed.). Canadian mapping practice (NRCan / Canadian Geodetic Survey) throughout.