Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Reference texts: Tompkins, White, Bozer & Tanchoco, Facilities Planning (4th ed., Wiley) — facilities planning hierarchy and process, plant site selection, material flow planning, activity relationships, product/line layout, assembly-line balancing models, production-quantity/scrap-allowance planning, computerized layout (CRAFT/CORELAP), manufacturing cells, JIT/TQM/TEI integration, logistics systems and flow patterns, traditional vs. contemporary manufacturing, and tool-crib centralization; Niebel & Freivalds, Niebel’s Methods, Standards, and Work Design (13th ed.) — assembly-line balancing (Ranked Positional Weight technique), balance delay, and production/scrap-allowance planning.