Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Reference texts: Çengel & Boles, Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach (9th ed., McGraw-Hill) — ideal-gas processes, gas power cycles, reheat Rankine and vapour-compression refrigeration; Çengel & Ghajar, Heat and Mass Transfer (6th ed.) and Incropera, DeWitt, Bergman & Lavine, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (8th ed., Wiley) — natural-convection and internal-flow correlations, lumped-capacitance transients, radiation exchange, and the LMTD/ε–NTU heat-exchanger method. Freon-12 property data are read from the appendix supplied with the exam; steam properties from standard tables. This is an open-book, equal-value paper; candidates answer any five of the eight questions (three from one Part and two from the other) — all eight are worked here as a study resource.
