Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
98-Phys-A3, Electromagnetics — National Exam, December 2017. 3-hour closed-book exam (Casio or Sharp approved calculators only); any FIVE of the eight questions constitute a complete paper and only the first five as they appear in a candidate's answer book are marked, each of equal value. Aids given on the paper: ε0 = 8.85×10-12 F/m, μ0 = 4π×10-7 H/m. All eight printed questions are solved below as a complete study resource.
Reference texts: Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics (7th ed.) — plane waves and boundaries, transmission lines, waveguides, antennas; Hayt & Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics (9th ed.) — magnetic forces and torque, transmission-line transients; Pozar, Microwave Engineering (4th ed.) — transmission-line theory, stub matching, rectangular waveguide cutoff; Balanis, Antenna Theory (4th ed.) — infinitesimal-dipole far field.