Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
National Exam 04-BS-12, Organic Chemistry — May 2016. 3 hours, closed-book examination; one aid sheet (8.5×11", both sides) and a Casio or Sharp calculator permitted. Ten questions constitute a complete exam paper (only the first 10 questions as they appear in the answer book are marked, each of equal value) — the source paper in fact prints thirteen questions; all thirteen are answered in full below.
Reference texts: McMurry, Organic Chemistry, 9th ed. (functional-group spectroscopy, amino-acid ionisation, conjugate addition, electrophilic/nucleophilic aromatic substitution, SN1/SN2 and epoxide-opening regiochemistry, stereochemistry and meso compounds, cyclohexane/bridged-ring conformational analysis, α-halogenation, and multi-step synthesis design); Atkins, Physical Chemistry, 11th ed. (Hughes–Ingold solvent-polarity rules).