Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format. 16-Civ-B2 Advanced Structural Design, May 2018 — a three-hour examination. The cover page allows design handbooks and textbooks but no notes, states that any five questions constitute a complete paper, that all seven questions carry equal value, and that all loads shown on the figures are unfactored. The mark split printed on page 1 is Q1 (12+6+2), Q2 (12+8), Q3 (12+4+4), Q4 (14+6), Q5 (10+5+5), Q6 (10+4+6) and Q7 (12+8). All seven questions are worked below, because the set is a study resource rather than an answer book.
Design data (page 1, reproduced verbatim). These values are used throughout and are not repeated in every question.
| Material | Property | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Concrete | Cylinder strength $f'_{c}$ | 30 MPa |
| Structural steel | $F_{y}$ | 350 MPa |
| Reinforcing steel | $f_{y}$ | 400 MPa |
| Prestressed concrete | $f_{ci}$ at transfer | 35 MPa |
| $f'_{c}$ | 50 MPa | |
| Modular ratio $n$ | 6 | |
| $f_{ult}$ | 1750 MPa | |
| $f_{y}$ (strand) | 1450 MPa | |
| $f_{initial}$ | 1200 MPa | |
| Loss of prestress | 240 MPa |
Reference texts. The answers are written to the Canadian limit-states codes that Engineers Canada lists for this examination:
Check — load factors. Page 1 says only that the loads shown are unfactored; it gives no dead-to-live split. Every question below therefore applies a single $\alpha = 1.5$ to the loads printed on the figures (the NBCC live-load factor, which is the conservative reading of an unidentified load) and $\alpha_{D} = 1.25$ to any self weight the solution itself introduces. Mechanisms, section classifications and all interaction equations are independent of that choice; only the magnitudes move with it. State this assumption on the answer paper, as the cover page invites.
