18-Env-A6 Solid Waste Engineering and Management · December 2014
Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Reference texts: Tchobanoglous, Theisen & Vigil, Integrated Solid Waste Management: Engineering Principles and Management Issues; Vesilind, Worrell & Reinhart, Solid Waste Engineering; Davis & Cornwell, Introduction to Environmental Engineering (6th ed.); CCME, Guidance Document on Landfill Gas Management; Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999.
This paper prints marks IN FRONT of the question number on every line (e.g. "5 1. What are the elements…", "4 16. All 29 questions are answered in full.
Question text not reproduced: the examination questions are © Engineers and Geoscientists BC. Open the official past paper (linked at the top of this page) to read the question, then follow the worked solution below.
(1) Moisture content — free water must be vaporized before combustion, directly reducing net available energy and affecting ignition. (2) Heating value (energy content), both higher (HHV) and lower (LHV) — the primary sizing parameter for a combustion or waste-to-energy facility. (3) Proximate and ultimate analysis — volatile matter, fixed carbon and ash content (proximate), and elemental C, H, O, N, S content (ultimate), which together govern combustion behaviour, air requirements and expected emissions (SO₂ from sulphur content, NOₓ from nitrogen). Particle size and the non-combustible (inert/ash) fraction are also important secondary properties for feed handling and residue disposal.
