Source reduction / waste minimization. Reduce the quantity and toxicity of hazardous waste generated at the source through process or material substitution — the most effective and lowest-cost strategy since it prevents rather than manages a hazard.
Recycling and material recovery. Reclaim solvents, metals or process chemicals from the waste stream for reuse rather than disposal.
Treatment to reduce toxicity, volume or mobility. Chemical, thermal or biological treatment to destroy or immobilize hazardous constituents before final disposal.
Secure ultimate disposal. Engineered secure landfilling (double liner, leachate collection, monitoring) for residuals that cannot be reduced further.
Regulatory tracking and chain-of-custody control. A manifest system that tracks every shipment from generator to final disposal, closing the loop against illegal dumping.
Emergency preparedness and spill response. Contingency planning, staff training and rapid-response capability to limit the consequences of an accidental release.
