Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)
Paper format. National Exams — December 2019, 16-Elec-A5 Electronics. Closed book; a Casio or Sharp approved calculator permitted. Three hours. Answer all five (5) questions; each worth 20 marks. Unless stated, op-amps are ideal with ±15 V supplies, and ground and chassis are common.
Reference texts. A. S. Sedra & K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, 8th ed. (Oxford, 2020) — diode piecewise-linear models & limiters (Ch. 4), MOSFET biasing & the common-source amplifier (Ch. 7), op-amp dynamics/slew rate (Ch. 2), CMOS inverter VTC and noise margins (Ch. 13), and precision/limiting op-amp–diode circuits (Ch. 4 & 18). B. Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics, 2nd ed., is an equivalent secondary reference.
