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24-Pet-A5 Petroleum Production Operations · December 2019

Question 4 of 5: Electrical Submersible Pump — Required Horsepower

Nivaar worked solution (AI-drafted; not reviewed by a licensed engineer)

Notes on this paper

National Exams December 2019 — 17-Pet-A5 Petroleum Production Operations (3 hrs, open book). Reference texts: Golan & Whitson, Well Performance, 2nd ed.; Ahmed, Reservoir Engineering Handbook, 5th ed.; Brown, The Technology of Artificial Lift Methods, Vol. 2a–4.

The source NOTES state that the first four questions as answered constitute a complete paper; every question (1–5) is fully solved below.

Question 4: Electrical Submersible Pump — Required Horsepower (25 marks)

Question text not reproduced: the examination questions are © Engineers and Geoscientists BC. Open the official past paper (linked at the top of this page) to read the question, then follow the worked solution below.

Given. The same well as Question 3 (depth, $J$, $\bar P_R$, API, gas gravity, formation GLR, temperature profile), now equipped with an ESP set at 7000 ft, a higher $P_{wh}=160$ psi, and an explicitly given casing flowing-gradient formula.

Total liquid rate, $q_L$1200 STBL/day
ESP setting depth7000 ft
Casing ID below pump6 in.
Free gas separated at pumpone half
Wellhead pressure, $P_{wh}$160 psi
Given casing flowing gradient$dP/dL=0.0001\,q$ psi/ft

Find. The required ESP (hydraulic) horsepower.

Check: as in Question 3, the produced gas is modelled as fully "free" (no PVT/$R_s$ data survives extraction for this well), so "one half of the free gas separated at the pump" is taken as halving the full formation GLR (100 → 50 SCF/STB) in the tubing above the pump; the casing ID below the pump is given but unused, since the flowing gradient there is supplied directly by the problem's own formula.

Approach. Find $P_{wf}$ from the straight-line IPR, step the given casing gradient up to the pump intake, march the homogeneous no-slip mixture traverse (with the reduced above-pump GLR) from the known $P_{wh}$ down to the pump to get the required discharge pressure, then convert the pump's differential pressure to head and hydraulic horsepower.

  1. Flowing bottomhole pressure. $P_{wf}=\bar P_R-q_L/J=3000-1200/1$. $\boxed{P_{wf}=1800\ \text{psi}}$.
  2. Pump intake pressure. Casing gradient $dP/dL=0.0001\times1200=0.12$ psi/ft over the 1000 ft from bottom (8000 ft) to the pump (7000 ft): $P_{intake}=P_{wf}-0.12\times1000$. $\boxed{P_{intake}=1680\ \text{psi}}$.
  3. Required discharge pressure. Above the pump, GLR $=100/2=50$ SCF/STB. Marching the homogeneous mixture traverse from $(D,P)=(0,\,160\ \text{psi})$ down to 7000 ft (temperature $T(7000)=187.5^\circ$F) gives $\boxed{P_{disc}\approx2426\ \text{psi}}$ — the discharge pressure needed for that (partly gas-lightened) column to reach $P_{wh}=160$ psi.
  4. Pump differential pressure and total dynamic head. $\Delta P_{pump}=P_{disc}-P_{intake}=2426-1680=746$ psi. Mixture density at average pump conditions ($\bar P\approx2053$ psi, $T=187.5^\circ$F, GLR$=50$) gives $SG_m\approx0.803$. $TDH=\Delta P_{pump}\times2.31/SG_m=746\times2.31/0.803$. $\boxed{TDH\approx2145\ \text{ft}}$.
  5. Hydraulic horsepower. $Q=1200\ \text{bbl/day}\times42/1440=35.0$ gpm. $HP=\dfrac{Q\,[\text{gpm}]\times TDH\,[\text{ft}]\times SG_m}{3960}=\dfrac{35.0\times2145\times0.803}{3960}$. $\boxed{HP\approx15.2\ \text{hydraulic HP}}$.
Check: 15.2 HP is the hydraulic horsepower delivered to the fluid only; an installed nameplate motor must be sized larger to cover pump efficiency (typically 50–65% at this rate/head combination for a centrifugal ESP stage stack), i.e. a nameplate rating on the order of 25–30 HP, though no efficiency curve was given to compute that figure exactly.
06501,3001,9502,60002,0004,0006,0008,000intake 1680 psidischarge 2426 psiPressure (psig)Depth below surface, D (ft, inverted)Q4 -- ESP traverse: casing (below pump) and tubing (above pump)Casing below pump (given dP/dL)Tubing above pump (GLR=50, no-slip)
Fig. 4 — Pressure traverse below the pump (casing, purple, using the given flowing gradient) and above the pump (tubing, blue, homogeneous no-slip mixture at GLR=50 SCF/STB); the pump boosts the fluid from the 1680-psi intake to the 2426-psi discharge required to reach $P_{wh}=160$ psi.
QuantityValue
Flowing bottomhole pressure, $P_{wf}$1800 psi
Pump intake pressure1680 psi
Pump discharge pressure≈2426 psi
Total dynamic head, TDH≈2145 ft
Required ESP horsepower (hydraulic)≈15.2 HP