Paper format. National Exams, May 2014 —
07-Elec-B7 Power Systems Engineering. Open-book, three hours, non-communicating
calculator permitted. Seven problems of equal value; any five constitute a
complete paper and only the first five appearing in the answer book are marked.
All seven are solved here, because the set is a study resource.
Reference texts.
- M. E. El-Hawary, Electrical Power Systems: Design and Analysis,
rev. ed., IEEE Press/Wiley — the source of this paper's notation (the ABCD
two-port, the “cantilever” transformer equivalent, the two-reaction
salient-pole model, and the equal-area treatment of transient stability).
- J. D. Glover, T. J. Overbye and M. S. Sarma, Power System Analysis and
Design, 6th ed., Cengage — transmission-line parameters and the
long-line model (Ch. 4–5), power flow (Ch. 6), symmetrical faults (Ch. 7),
symmetrical components and unsymmetrical faults (Ch. 8–9), transient
stability (Ch. 11).
- J. J. Grainger and W. D. Stevenson, Power System Analysis,
McGraw-Hill — network reduction, sequence networks and fault calculations.
- S. J. Chapman, Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 5th ed.,
McGraw-Hill — transformer equivalent circuits and tests (Ch. 2),
synchronous machines (Ch. 4–5).
- Canadian practice: CSA C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code Section 10
(grounding and bonding), CSA C22.3 No. 1 Overhead Systems, and
IEEE Std 142 (Green Book) for industrial system grounding.
Check — two printing defects in the source.
Problem 7(a) prints the active load as “2.24.1 p.u.”; it is read here as
2.241 p.u. The reading is not load-bearing: taking 2.24 p.u.
instead moves the initial power angle by 0.005° and the maximum swing by
0.01°. Problem 6(b) and 6(c) each print “a single line to ground fault
… on phases B and C”, which is self-contradictory; the fault
involving two phases and ground is the double line-to-ground
fault, and that is what is solved. The single-line-to-ground value is carried
alongside so that either reading is served.
